Wintertime can be tough on skin and hair - not just for humans, but for pets, as well. With windows closed and heaters on, low humidity indoors can make your pet's skin dry and itchy. It can also cause static electricity in his coat.

Grooming professionals say that weekly home maintenance can help you make your pet more comfortable and will keep his skin and coat healthy all winter.

Begin with the brush
An essential component of any grooming routine is regular brushing, according Val Penstone, Director of Grooming for Best Friends Pet Resorts and Salons, the largest company in the pet hospitality industry in the U.S.

Penstone recommends brushing and combing long-haired pets at least once a week to prevent matting. Matted hair, she says, is a major cause of skin problems in winter months. 'It holds dampness against your pet's skin and can cause redness, irritation, and odors."

If static electricity is a problem, Penstone suggests trying a moisturizing anti-static spray or detangler. The use of a home humidifier can help reduce static and make both you and your pet more comfortable.

And, she adds, just because your pet has a sleek or short coat doesn't mean you can ignore regular brushing. "Brushing short-coated pets with a soft bristle brush stimulates the natural oils in the skin and will help counteract dryness," Penstone explains.

Shampoo and condition
Contrary to popular opinion, pets do need regular shampooing during the winter months. In fact, notes Penstone, done properly, regular bathing can help to reduce dryness, matting and related skin problems. Always follow the shampoo with a conditioning rinse or moisturizing treatment.

Don't be tempted to use your own hair care products on your pet. Animal's skin has a different pH from human's skin, so choose products specially formulated for pets. If your pet's skin seems especially dry or scaly, he may need a medicated anti-seborrheic treatment formulated for pets. If you aren't sure which products are right for you, consult a professional groomer for product recommendations.

Foot and nail care
Your pet's feet also require special attention during the winter, says Penstone. You will probably need to clip your dog's nails more frequently during the winter months. With shorter days and inclement weather, most pets have fewer hours of exercise and nails can become overgrown. The ideal length for a dog's nail is barely touching the ground when the dog is standing still. Use only a proper nail-clipping tool, taking off a small amount at a time. It's a good idea to have a styptic pencil or some cornstarch handy to stop the flow of blood -- just in case you nick the quick.

Keep the hair on your pet's feet trimmed. Long hair can form uncomfortable mats between and under the toes and can cause snow and ice to become packed in between the pads of the feet, causing irritation.

Salt used for de-icing roads and sidewalks can cause your pet's pads to become cracked and sore. Wash toes and pads with warm water after walks to remove any salt residue, dry them thoroughly, and apply a protective product.

Grooming for health
Regular grooming is important to your pet's good health. And, says Penstone, those grooming sessions also strengthen the bond between you and your pet. If there are tasks you cannot or do not want to undertake yourself - like nail clipping or tangle removal -- don't just skip them. Seek the help of a professional groomer. Your pet will be happier and healthier.

To find a professional groomer near you, see the Centers section of this website.